With the advent of electrically powered vehicles, the world of motorcycles is evolving rapidly. As we become more conscious of the environmental impact of our actions and seek more efficient and sustainable modes of transport, the electric motorcycle company has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional petrol-powered bikes. Electric motorcycles, powered by an electric motorcycle motor, offer numerous benefits including reduced carbon emissions, lower maintenance costs, and a smooth, silent ride.
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An electric motorcycle motor is the heart of an electric bike. Unlike conventional motorcycles that run on internal combustion engines, electric motorcycles are powered by electric motors. These motors convert electrical energy, stored in batteries, into mechanical energy, which then drives the wheels of the motorcycle.
There are 2 main types of electric motors used in motorcycles: BLDC Hub Motor and Mid-Motor. For now, most of the electric 2 wheels and 3 wheels are using Hub motor because the the affordable price and easy to maintenance.
The electric motorcycle motor defines the performance characteristics of the bike, including its speed, torque, and range. Therefore, choosing the right motor for your electric motorcycle is critical to ensuring an optimal riding experience.
Selecting the right electric motor for motorcycles is crucial for several reasons. First and foremost, the motor determines the performance of your bike. It impacts the speed, acceleration, climbing ability, and range of your motorcycle. Therefore, depending on your riding style and needs, you'll want to choose a motor that can deliver the performance you desire.
Secondly, the electric motorcycle motor affects the efficiency and lifespan of your bike. A high-quality motor can help maximize the efficiency of your motorcycle, resulting in longer battery life and less frequent charging. Additionally, a durable, well-made motor can ensure the longevity of your bike, reducing the need for costly repairs or replacements down the line.
Lastly, the choice of motor can have implications for the safety and handling of your motorcycle. A motor that's too powerful for your bike's design can lead to stability issues, while a motor that's too weak might not provide the necessary torque for safe manoeuvring in traffic or challenging terrains. Therefore, it's essential to choose a motor that's well-suited to your bike and your riding skills.
As we've touched on earlier, there are primarily 2 types of electric motors used in motorcycles: Hub Motor, Mid-Motor. Within these categories, there are various subtypes, each with its own characteristics and benefits.
Hub motors are installed in the wheel of the motorcycle, offering a compact and cost-effective solution, are commonly used in lower-cost electric motorcycles and DIY e-bike conversions. They're simple, robust, and provide high starting torque. However, they have lower efficiency compared to other motors.
Mid-motors, are mounted at the center of the bike, providing better balance and handling., which are driven by belt or chain, typically found in higher-end electric motorcycles. They offer higher efficiency, better performance, and longer lifespan, but are more complex and expensive. Whats more the mid-motor can adjust the final gear ratio to fit different slope of road.
When selecting an electric motorcycle motor, there are several key factors to consider. First, you need to decide between a Hub and Mid motor. This decision will largely depend on your budget, performance requirements, and maintenance preferences.
Next, you should consider the power rating of the motor. This will determine the speed and acceleration of your bike. For urban commuting, a lower power motor may suffice. However, if you plan on doing highway riding or off-roading, you might need a motor with higher power.
The torque of the motor is another important consideration. Torque influences the climbing ability of your bike and its performance at low speeds. If you live in a hilly area or need to navigate through heavy traffic, a motor with high torque will be beneficial.
Lastly, consider the size and weight of the motor. A smaller, lighter motor will make your bike easier to handle and more energy-efficient.
However, it might not easy for most of the customers and even importers to figure out the accurate power of the motor and the real performance of the motor since they are all look same from outside. So here is the best process for you to check the quality of a motor:
Firstly, checking the motor side cover, the aluminum will always be better than the iron In terms of heat dissipation, and the heat is very import for the stable performance of the electric motor especially for a long trip.
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Secondly, ask your electric motorcycle manufacturers Remove the side cover and check the internal components. If use the Splicing material for the motor, the strength and structure will be easily to be broken.
The amount, thickness and height of magnetic steel is the most important part to affect the power and torque of the motor.
For example, a 10inch 600-800W motor should use 24H magnetic steel, 800-W use 27H, -W use 30H, -W use 35H and W-W use 40H magnetic steel. Many suppliers use lower level or less amount of magnetic to pseudo higher power.
Thirdly, the sealing process is also very important to the life of a motor, especially for the rainy market, the Water in the motor will cause rust and short circuit, which will directly make the motor useless.
In conclusion, choosing the right electric motor for your motorcycle is a critical decision that can significantly impact the performance, efficiency, and lifespan of your bike. Whether you're building your own electric motorcycle or choosing a pre-built model, understanding the types of motors available and the key factors to consider can help you make an informed choice.
Remember, there's no one-size-fits-all solution when it comes to electric motorcycle motors. What's best for you will depend on your unique needs, preferences, and budget. Take the time to research and compare different motors, consult with experts, and consider insights from top electric motorcycle manufacturers.
With the right electric motorcycle motor, you can enjoy a smooth, efficient, and exhilarating ride, while contributing to a more sustainable and eco-friendly future. So, make your choice wisely and rev up for an exciting journey into the world of electric motorcycles.
To power your motorcycle, youre going to need a motor. But what type, what size, and where do you get it from!? This project used a Briggs & Stratton Etek. Its a DC (Direct Current), brushed, pancake motor, rated at up to 48V and 150 amps continuous. I got it used, through Craigslist, from a college student who built those robots that battled each other. He was using this motor to swing a hammer, but it was too powerful, and he kept breaking hammer handles! So why this motor?
DC Direct Current Direct current motors are very straight forward. They are easy to control the speed of. Also, batteries use direct current. By using a DC motor, theres no intermediate step of converting DC battery power to AC power to run the motor.
Face Mount The Briggs motor has eight holes on the end (the face) of the motor to make it easy to mount to a piece of flat steel or aluminum. Some motors have a foot on the bottom of them for mounting, which wouldnt have been as easy to use in this situation.
Permanent Magnet Permanent Magnet motors tend to be very compact. They create rotational energy (torque) by pushing two magnetic fields against each other. The one magnetic field is produced by current from the batteries (an electro-magnet). The other magnetic field is from mineral permanent magnets. These magnets are much more compact than a second electro-magnet would be, allowing for an overall powerful, yet small motor. The limiting factor in the design is the strength of the permanent magnetic field. Many permanent magnet motors spin equally well in either direction. Just swap the positive and negative battery cables for it to spin the other way. The permanent magnets are ALWAYS magnetic! So dont drop a washer near one of the vent slots, or it will get sucked in and you have to take the whole thing apart to get it out! Since then, I made sure ALL washers are stainless steel (not only are they corrosion-resistant, but they are non-magnetic as well.) I chose this motor knowing that many other people had used the same one in their electric motorcycle designs. http://www.evalbum.com/mtrbr/BRIG Permanent magnet motors are generally designed to spin equally well in either direction. If the motor spins the opposite direction of what you intended, all you have to do is swap the two cables. On a large motorcycle, you could take advantage of this with a reversing contactor to have a reverse gear.
Its not all about horsepower.
Electric motors are rated differently than gas engines are in terms of their power. A gas engine is rated in horsepower with the engine running at nearly maximum speed and fuel consumption (full-out!) An electric motor is rated at how much power is can put out continuously for hours at a time. So, a horsepower rating between an engine and an electric motor is not apples to apples. More and more engines are also now being rated in Watts. A watt is a unit of power used. Most people understand watts, as in that a 100-watt light bulb uses more power than a 75-watt lightbulb. It puts out more power (as light and heat) but also costs more on your electric bill. In electric vehicle design, keep in mind that volts x amps = watts. Also, 1 Horsepower is roughly 746 watts. So, its pretty easy to do some simple math to figure out the power of our motor. By being connected to four 12V batteries in series, the system nominal voltage is 48V. The motor is rated at 150 amps continuous. 48 x 150 = 7,200 watts. Divide that by 746 (watts to horsepower) and you get about 9.6 horsepower. That doesnt sound like a lot.
However, you can pull much higher amperage briefly through the motor typically three or four times as much. My system amperage is limited by the fact that the motor controller maxes out at 300 amps. That still means we can get DOUBLE the power out of the motor compared to what you might think it can produce, just based on the numbers stamped on it. Combine that with increased efficiency (by completely losing the transmission) and the fact that you have FULL TORQUE right off the line (a gas engine has to rev up to several thousand RPM to get into its best power band) and even a compact electric motor has far better acceleration than you think it might. I later had my cycle tested on a dynometer at a large Harley-Davidson gathering. The cycle officially clocked-in as 12hp. But when the guy first went to ride the cycle up to the dyno, he almost threw himself off with how quick it accelerated!
Other Options
What other motors might you use in your electric motorcycle? Besides permanent magnet DC motors there are also Series-Wound and Brushless DC motors as well as some new AC motors. Series-wound motors are similar to permanent magnet DC motors. They are bulkier, but produce fantastic torque! You could use a series-wound drive motor out of a junked electric forklift. Do not use a pump motor. Those typically do not have a male driveshaft. Same goes for electric golf cart motors. They may otherwise sound like a good motor for a cycle, but unless you have a way to easily connect a standard sprocket to the motor, they will be a lot of tinkering to make work for your project. ( A friend of mine is currently working on designing a kit with a specialty part allowing anyone to build their own electric motorcycle using an off-the-shelf golf cart motor. Look for that in the future.) Brushless DC and AC motors are very similar. They require dedicated controllers designed specifically for them. If you go that route, buy your motor and controller as a matched set through a reputable dealer. in general, all these motors are air-cooled, so you dont need a motorcycle with a radiator on it. For planning purposes, you want to know that your motor will FIT in the motorcycle before you buy it! Made sure to measure the space you have and the physical size of the motor before you buy. If the motor is not in front of you in person, dont worry, most mainstream manufactured motors have diagrams that you can download, that include the physical dimensions. Besides the diagram showing physical dimensions, it also lists important information on torque, voltage, RPM, etc. That helps you plan out your cycle design as well. LINK TO ETEK DIAGRAM
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