Before buying any property, it is imperative for a buyer to make adequate research about the availability of mineral rights. After all, land deals and agreements sometimes come with disputes. For this reason, it is important to be acquainted with the basic understanding of this concept.

With competitive price and timely delivery, TRM sincerely hope to be your supplier and partner.

It must be stressed that there are various kinds of land rights in the United States. In this guide, we will provide an overview of the two primary rights: mineral rights and surface rights, and what you need to know if you want to buy land without mineral rights. Let’s dive in!

Overview of mineral and surface rights

Your ownership of the surface rights to a property does not necessarily imply that you own the mineral rights. In the United States, the split estates ensure that surface rights and mineral rights are two distinct entities. For this reason, it is possible for people to own one – or both – of these rights. What exactly is mineral rights, by definition?

What are mineral rights?

Mineral rights represent the ownership right to any underground resources – including metals and ores, fossil fuels, and other mineable rocks that are present on a property. Having this right makes it possible for an owner to win and exploit all natural resources that are present beneath the land.

The United States has made it possible for private individuals to buy land while possessing the ownership right to develop and exploit the land, including all natural resources that are present beneath the surface. Other locations across the globe provide less freedom.

Several countries permit private individuals to buy land. However, this ownership right does not extend beyond the land surface. In this case, all resources present beneath the surface are owned and controlled by the country’s government.

If you own the mineral rights to your land, you can either sell them or lease them to an interested party. Both options have their pros and cons, and you can make money by either collecting royalty interest or working interest. It will be up to you to decide which one you prefer.

Since these minerals in the United States can be privately owned, this makes it possible for landowners – with rights to minerals on their resources – to sell these mineral rights to corporations. As mentioned earlier, mineral rights and surface rights are different.

What are surface rights?

Surface rights are ownership that includes the most visible aspects of a property, such as trees, structures, water, and plants. Surface rights can include ownership to a specific depth of soil in some states.

A landowner might have sufficient soil ownership that can plan trees, but not enough to drill oil or gas. There are certain states in the US, including Louisiana, Texas, Pennsylvania, Colorado, and New Mexico, where rights are split between mineral and surface rights.

When law permits split ownership, it is possible to sell land to include surface rights alone. This implies that even though there is the presence of oil or gas beneath the soil, the owner will have no legal right to tamper with them.

Indeed, the landowner has no right over the resources beneath the ground even if they are approached by any company for extraction. To own the resources underground and to be able to manage them, a landowner must have mineral rights.

Furthermore, it is worth pointing out that in states where split land ownership rights are embraced, surface rights depend on mineral rights. This implies that if an owner holds a mineral right and they want to excavate a property, there is no need to receive any permission from owners of surface rights before they can do so. For surface right owners, this can be frustrating and disruptive.

Things to remember when buying land without mineral rights

It is important to note that once mineral rights have been detached from surface rights, nothing changes. To purchase land, it is imperative to make diligent research, including rights before arriving at any consequential decisions. This will prevent any form of unsavory surprises. There are instances when individuals, seeking to buy both mineral and surface rights, eventually discover that the mineral rights have been sold to a third party. You can check mortgage paperwork to figure out the kind of rights you hold. Things to put into consideration when purchasing a piece of land without mineral rights are introduced as follows:

1. Remember that mineral rights can also be bought, leased, or sold

This is an important consideration that must not be ignored before purchasing a piece of land. It should be noted that you can either lease or sell the mineral rights you own to your land to any interested party. These options have their upsides and drawbacks and enough money can be made by either receiving working interest or royalty interest. The one you prefer will be up to you to decide.

Either way, you must understand that there is a great need to get your mineral rights in front of many potential buyers if you wish to maximize your mineral rights. By doing this, you are getting the best deal. You should also get professional assistance and appropriate advice all through the process.

2. Even without mineral rights your land still has value

Mineral rights only grant ownership to the resources beneath a property. However, not having mineral rights does not imply that the land has no value. In fact, as already mentioned earlier, your surface right grants you ownership over the plants, trees, and water on your property.

Depending on the mineral and technology adopted, the depth of a mineral right varies. For open-pit mining, the average depth is between 100 to 500 meters. However, for deep mining, this could go down as far as 2.8 to 3.4 kilometers. Simply put, everything that lies on the surface belongs to the individual with the surface rights.

3. Research the included rights thoroughly before making any buying decisions

To prevent unpleasant surprises, there is a great need to make appropriate findings of all included rights before you make any buying decisions. This helps you understand everything you must know to guide your decisions. As discussed earlier, having surface rights grant you ownership to all visible resources at the surface of a piece of land.

On the other hand, mineral rights grant ownership of all resources beneath the land. Once you understand all the included rights, you can acquaint yourself with the potential upsides of purchasing the land.

4. Both mineral and surface rights can have several owners (split estates)

It has already been established that the split estates ensure that surface and mineral rights remain distinct entities. For this reason, both rights can be owned by different owners. It is worth noting that the holders of mineral rights have always been the dominant party in terms of accessing resources below the surface. Yet, it is also possible for a single individual or organization to possess both mineral and surface rights to a piece of land.

Oftentimes, mining companies can attempt to work out plans to reduce disruption, but you can retain absolute control over land by purchasing both mineral and surface rights. However, if the land you wish to possess has no mineral rights, then you should be informed of whoever holds the mineral rights and the effect of this on the use of your property.

5. Surface rights and mineral rights can be severed at some point in the future

At any point, surface and mineral rights can be severed at any point. Simply put, a legal severance happens anytime the owner of the mineral under a piece of land and the land itself convey any of these interests without the other to another entity.

For instance, in Texas, a ranch owner might decide to only sell the right to make use of the surface portion to another person who intends to use it for other purposes, including hunting and ranching. This kind of transaction involves the conveyance of surface rights. However, the mineral rights are retained.

6. Due diligence is a must when purchasing property without mineral rights

It is important to make thorough research when you wish to buy a property without mineral rights. Purchasing a piece of land as an investment requires due diligence. There is a need for a local attorney with experience of that area regardless of whether you are buying a piece of land with or without mineral rights.

The presence of an attorney ensures that you have someone that must have handled situations concerning mineral rights and for this reason, should be able to know much about the drilling and mining activities in that area. To figure out if the property is worth it or not, it is important to weigh the upsides and drawbacks.

As explained earlier, you might only desire to use your land to grow crops or raise livestock. Yet, when someone else owns mineral rights over that land, they have access to it anytime, and in the process, might interfere with whatever you want to use your land for the way you would wish to.

7. Owning the mineral rights on your land can be profitable

There are several benefits that come with owning the mineral rights on your land. It is possible to sell your mineral rights or simply lease them to another entity. Besides, it is also possible to sell the rights to royalties differently from the mineral rights.

When it comes to planning your estates, mineral rights can also provide an extra option. A royalty owner can always pass down these rights onto their heirs. This ensures that a source of valuable income can be owned while having an asset to bequeath to your family. In addition, before you set up any royalty agreement, it is essential that you consult a tax accountant.

You can also focus your mineral rights contact to meet your specific demands. Government agencies can acquire rights from landowners to provide appropriate resources to the local community. You can designate the types of minerals that should be mined when designing the contract and certain areas of your property can be left untouched for your future use.

8. Mineral rights owners have the right to install excavating and drilling equipment on your property

You might purchase a piece of land for different purposes, including farming and hunting. Yet, you must not be ignorant of the mineral rights ownership, which makes it possible for the owner of these rights to install excavating and drilling equipment on your property. After all, they have the rights to the resources beneath the ground. So, the acquisition of mineral rights makes it possible for owners of the rights to make use of your land without the need for your permission, as long as their drilling equipment is strictly meant for the resources beneath the land surface.

9. You can do a mineral rights title search and check the owner

While doing your research, a specific mineral rights search can be important. There are several ways to achieve this. You can review county records and tax assessor’s documents. Performing a deed search at the county records office can get you acquainted with the ownership history of any property over a specific period.

Besides, do not forget about royalty deeds. Specific properties can allow an owner to issue a royalty deed. This implies that the owner can obtain a royalty on any mineral that is obtained from their land. Royalty deeds can also lead you to the holder of the mineral rights.

Furthermore, you can also use a title company. Even though you will be charged a certain amount of fee, a title company can help you carry out your search effortlessly.

10. The value of mineral rights is volatile

Before purchasing a property, you should also note that the value of mineral rights is tied to the amount that a buyer is willing to pay. You might be eager to discover what the exact value of having mineral rights is. Also, you might wonder if buying a property without mineral rights can drastically affect your investment or how the number might add up.

The volatility of the value of mineral rights ensures that the prices vary rapidly. For this reason, it is safe to affirm that the worth of your mineral rights is based on whatever anyone is willing to pay for them at that instance. To get an insight into the worth of mineral rights in your location, you can reach out to a local lawyer. This might give you an estimate of the value of your property.

11. Mineral and royalty rights come with tax liabilities

Oil and gas royalty taxes vary in size and type. State royalty taxes, county royalty taxes, and federal royalty taxes are examples of royalty taxes you might come across. All of these might add up to considerable tax bills for mineral owners. You must understand these royalty taxes and this can make it possible to help you save more money.

So should you buy land without mineral rights?

Purchasing land without mineral rights comes with several downsides. A mineral rights owner does not need the permission of a surface rights owner to exploit the resources that are beneath the surface of land. However, the latter must seek the consent of the former to exploit the minerals under the ground. For this reason, it is better to own mineral rights than surface rights.

Conclusion

Before you purchase a piece of land, you must acquaint yourself with the two basic rights: surface and mineral rights.

A unified estate is when a landowner owns both mineral and surface rights. On the other hand, when mineral and surface rights are severed from each other, this ownership is regarded as a split estate. Another option is when mineral rights are divided between many owners. This is known as a fractional estate.

A landowner may decide to sell or lease mineral rights to multiple buyers, who then hold the rights to the resources on the piece of land. Understanding how these two rights work will ensure that you make an informed choice and you can enjoy the benefits that come with the resources that are present in the land while avoiding any issues that might catch you by surprise.

Energy Storage System Buyer’s Guide

By SB Staff

Energy storage systems (ESS) might all look the same in product photos, but there are many points of differentiation. What power, capacity, system smarts actually sit under those enclosures? And how many of those components actually comprise each system? The number of options – from specialized component providers to all-encompassing ESS + smart circuit functionality – is unwieldy and often hard to pin down. The Solar Builder Energy Storage System Buyer’s Guide is here to cut through the noise.

This ESS Buyer’s Guide is a comprehensive list of what each brand is offering in the residential and C&I space heading into . We sent a questionnaire to every manufacturer to ascertain their top product and what components are included. Is it a hybrid inverter with a roster of battery partners? Is the battery included? What about the energy management or smart circuits?

Below are all of the answers we received. They are listed in alphabetical order. To improve readability a bit we divided them into groups:

• Hybrid inverters and smart panels
• Full ESS w/ battery
• Batteries and BMS
• C&I size systems

A big focus this year was also UL certification. We asked if each product was listed to UL , and for a link to the certification documentation. Not many provided the link, but some did – look for that in the tables.

What is UL ?

As part of our Energy Storage System Buyer’s Guide, we asked manufacturers to explain A testing, and what installers should keep in mind when installing ESS and batteries listed to UL . The UL certification focuses on the safety and performance of energy storage systems (ESS) and their components. The UL certification and A test results are very often used in conjunction to show the safety and efficacy of battery storage. UL A testing evaluates the risk of fire propagation in energy storage systems by determining if a thermal event in one battery module can spread to others.

Test results “guide the need for safety measures like fire barriers, ventilation systems to handle gases or heat, fire suppression systems for larger installations, and recommended spacing between battery units or nearby structures to reduce fire risk,” says Jon Proffitt, Head of Business Development, Home Solutions SMA America.

“Some ESS systems have location restrictions, requiring outdoor installation or fire-rated enclosures. In some cases, batteries must also be protected from direct impact with the use of specific mounting or enclosures. In other cases, systems may include monitoring or shutdown mitigation such as self-activated fire extinguishers, and installers must follow installation and commissioning guidelines.”

“Under UL , Ed 3, the A testing is a requirement, along with more stringent testing for communicating batteries and seismic,” says Sequoya Cross, VP Energy Storage, Briggs & Stratton Energy Solutions. “All batteries that want to achieve UL will need to complete the module level testing. Unit level testing is an additional step to advise on spacing and install location.”

“The intent of this test is to prove that within a system as installed there is no risk of propagation from battery to battery, and that the surface temperature of what the unit is installed on does not exceed 175°F,” Cross says. “Additionally, there cannot be any explosion hazards or flaming beyond the outer dimensions of the BESS unit. If the unit meets all of these requirements, no further testing is required.”

Beyond cell, module and unit level tests, manufacturers can conduct system level testing that incorporates fire suppression mechanisms to prevent flaming outside of the test area and explosion risks. Once the tests are concluded a report is generated on the results and delivered to the manufacturer and NRTL. These tests are evaluated for the UL certification.

Why UL matters

“UL listing simplifies several steps in the process. It tells installers the system meets a minimum standard in the industry, streamlines the project acceptance process, and eliminates the need for field testing of components,” says Rich Law, Sr. Engineer – ESS Technical Solutions (CCI), Sungrow. “When the latest UL standards and ULA test results are conducted by a certified third-party tester and successfully passed, it provides the installer confidence the system was designed by the OEM to meet quality and safety standards widely utilized by the energy storage industry.”

What should installers keep in mind when looking at UL certification and A testing results?

Eli Chu, Product Manager from Pytes Energy says installers should focus on:

Gas Release Data: Review any information on hazardous gas emissions during a thermal runaway event. Understand the gases that may be released and their potential hazards. Ensure the installation design includes adequate ventilation to mitigate the risk of gas emissions and/or buildup.

Minimum Spacing: Review specific recommendations for minimum clearances required between ESS units and walls or between multiple ESS units to prevent fire spreading. Installers should ensure these recommendations are followed to mitigate the potential for thermal runaway propagation within a system.

The NFPA 855 gives the standard as 3ft in separation distance, but if the battery is properly tested, the manufacturer can specify shorter distances.

“If a battery doesn’t need less than 3 feet of separation between each 20 kWh unit, or is installed outdoors, the additional testing is compulsory,” Cross says. “However, most battery companies want to go through this extra step to provide the most flexibility of their products for installers.”

The certification is also inclusive of the installation manual and requires that installers follow the instructions in order to achieve a UL certified installation. “Additionally, AHJ’s may have different requirements based on their building and fire codes that may limit or allow different installations beyond what UL and the install manual state due to building density, construction and fire risk,” Cross says.

AC and DC ESS: Under UL , Ed. 3 there is also modification for battery systems to have AC or DC ESS certification. An AC ESS is inclusive of named/specific inverters. For DC ESS, the battery does not rely on the inverter to perform safety functions under UL A, and that it can stand alone to perform all of the requirements. This allows the DC ESS to be installed with any inverter that has met its own safety certifications such as UL .”

Regarding installation guidance for UL listed batteries, Jane Curtis, CEO of Renon Power says there may be the following differences:

• Detailed Installation Instructions: UL certified batteries typically come with detailed installation instructions, including the necessary tools and steps. These instructions help ensure that each step of the installation process meets safety and performance standards.
• Specific Environmental Requirements: There may be specific requirements for the installation environment, such as temperature range, humidity control, and fire protection measures.
• Testing and Verification Steps: Specific testing and verification may be required after installation to ensure the safety and functionality of the system.
• Maintenance Guidelines: Detailed maintenance and inspection guidelines help installers and users maintain the long-term safety and reliability of the system.

Discerning between UL listed batteries and unlisted, illegal batteries, is of utmost importance in the market in . If you want to know why we focused so much on , be sure to listen to our recent Solar Builder Buzz podcast.

Full ESS w/ battery

EG4 | PowerPro 18kPV & WallMount All Weather ESS

System components

• The EG4 18kPV hybrid inverter – EMP-hardened solution that supports grid-tied, grid-assist, and off-grid modes. With an 18kW PV input and 12kW AC output, it manages large energy loads and is expandable, up to ten units. Featuring a 600V DC input and three MPPTs. Compatible with 48V EG4 or other batteries.
• WallMount All Weather battery – Can perform in outdoor conditions and offers 14.3 kWh storage with 200A max discharge. It is EMP-hardened, self-heating, and has an -cycle lifespan at 80% depth of discharge, delivering 82.6MWh. Pairs seamlessly with EG4 inverters like the 18kPV, 12kPV and soon to be released FlexBOSS21.

Key features: The WallMount All Weather battery includes weather-tight quick connects, 600A internal busbars, and E-Stop for emergency shutdown. Dual fire arrestors provide thermal runway protection, and the LCD touchscreen simplifies monitoring. The system’s Weather Optimization Mode can automatically charge the battery based on local weather forecasts, helping to prevent power loss during inclement conditions. By sourcing batteries separately, users can expand their energy storage capacity as needed without overhauling the entire system. This scalability makes it an ideal solution for both residential and light commercial applications, future-proofing investment and enabling smart energy management.

Operating modes: Battery Backup Mode, Working Mode, Weather Optimization Mode. For larger systems, Parallel Sync allows users to monitor multiple inverters on a single screen, ensuring real-time oversight and efficiency.

Where can it be installed: Suitable for both indoor and outdoor environments.

Battery integrated or sourced separately? The batteries can be sourced separately, but the system was designed with EG4’s PowerPro WallMount All Weather 280Ah batteries in mind to ensure seamless integration and performance.  

Battery partnerships: The18kPV inverter is also compatible with batteries from other manufacturers with ongoing updates to ensure compatibility. This extensive battery compatibility allows users to customize their energy storage system to meet specific needs, ensuring efficient and reliable performance across various applications.

Where to buy: Signature Solar, Current Connected, Greentech Renewables, Off-Grid Distribution, Off-Grid Depot, ABC Supply Co., Shop Solarkits, Canadian Off Grid Depot, Zonna Energy

Enphase | Enphase Energy System

System components:

• IQ 8 Series Microinverters | Enphase’s proprietary Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) has high-speed digital logic and response times to changing loads and grid events. This ensures there are no PV to battery sizing ratios.
• IQ Battery 5P | The IQ Battery 5P has 48 A of PowerStart capability, 7.68 kVA of peak power and 3.84 kVA of continuous power.
• IQ System Controller 3G | The Enphase IQ System Controller 3G connects the home to grid power, IQ Batteries, AC standby Generator and solar PV with microinverters. It includes microgrid interconnection device (MID) functionality and consolidates interconnection equipment into a single enclosure. If a generator is not preferred, Enphase offers the IQ System Controller 3 variant which allows more PV or batteries to be installed instead of an AC standby generator.
• IQ Combiner 5C | The IQ Combiner 5C connects the IQ Series Microinverters and the IQ gateway to always stay connected to the Enphase Cloud through Wi-Fi, Ethernet or cellular connections, and helps to monitor the performance of the system.

Key features: The IQ8 Microinverters, along with the IQ Battery 5P, can perform a quick system reboot even with a fully depleted battery. Once the sun starts shining again, the system is able to perform a Sunlight Jumpstart to restart the battery and restore the system’s functionality without any intervention. The system is designed with advanced grid management features that align with a utility rate structures like NEM 3.0. The Enphase Energy System uses advanced AI algorithms to maximize cost savings by storing energy when rates are low and selling energy back to the grid at peak rates, based on the homeowner’s usage patterns. Enphase’s AC coupled battery enables the system to upscale the battery and PV capacity independently. IQ Battery 5P has integrated BMS with voltage, temperature monitoring and cell balancing

Operating modes: AI Optimization Mode, Self-Consumption Mode, Full Backup Mode

Where can it be installed: The IQ Battery 5P supports indoor and outdoor installations, and they can be both wall-mounted or floor-mounted (using the IQ Pedestal)

Battery integrated or sourced separately? AC Coupled battery with DC Battery and bi-directional microinverters are sold as a single product.

Battery partnerships: DC Battery (cell pack) is designed by Enphase and is sourced from Enphase-qualified 3rd party sources.

Where to buy

FranklinWH | aGate & aPower2

System consists of:

• aPower 2 | A single aPower 2 has 15 kWh capacity, 10 kW discharge rate and 8 kW charge rate. Can be stacked up to 225 kWh or 15 aPowers per aGate.
• aGate | The aGate intelligent power controller integrates battery, solar, generator and grid power. Has enhanced black start capabilities.
• FranklinWH App | The FranklinWH App has been enhanced with revamped visuals, a smart voice assistant for hands-free commands, and new energy data analysis.

Key features: The FranklinWH energy management system can be expanded for larger applications and is engineered to endure diverse climates. The aGate intelligently integrates and balances battery, solar, generator and grid power to provide stable energy to the home while minimizing grid charges. The FranklinWH App introduces Smart Control functions, voice commands, and energy data analysis, empowering users to optimize energy usage through customized scheduling and enhanced monitoring via Smart Circuits. aGate’s UL Certified PCS function and 280 A busbar eliminate the need for Main Panel Upgrades. The aGate and app streamline installation with Bluetooth commissioning and other features to save installation time.

FranklinWH’s aPower 2 has combined high power with high reliability.  The aPower 2 can operate in a wide temperature range of -4F to 130F, making it suitable for almost any climate. With a slim profile and vertical LED status light running, the aPower 2 boasts a modern design that will fit into any home. A fan-less convection with whisper-quiet operation provides significantly quieter and more reliable battery operations. One aPower 2 can often provide complete home backup due to its robust capabilities, including a 10 kW discharge rate and 8 kW charge rate. It can be stacked for larger applications, reaching up to 225 kWh or 15 units per aGate.

Operating modes: Self-Consumption, Time of Use, Emergency Backup

Where can it be installed: Wall or floor mounted

Where to buy

Generac | PWRcell 2 Home Energy Storage System

System components:

• PWRcell 2 Battery Cabinet: Capable of expanding from 9 – 18 kWh of storage capacity. Pair two cabinets on a single inverter for up to 36 kWh of storage capacity.
• PWRcell 2 Inverter: With up to 11.5 kW max continuous power and 236 LRA depending on the battery configuration, the PWRcell 2 inverter has enough power for virtually any home. Paired with just one 18 kWh battery, the inverter can start up a 5-ton air conditioner without a soft-starter.
• Smart Disconnect Switch (SDS): The Generac Smart Disconnect Switch enables system expansion to include up to 19.2 kW of PV, 23 kW of battery backup power, and 26 kW of home standby generator backup. The SDS also provides an uninterrupted power transition to battery backup, so homeowners don’t even notice when the power goes out, and their sensitive electronics stay protected.

Key features: Aside from the system’s impressive storage capacity and power output, PWRcell 2 also features advanced integrations with other Generac products, transforming system monitoring and backup capabilities and creating the ultimate home energy ecosystem. Adding a Generac home standby generator up to 26 kW can create a “bottomless battery” in case of extended outages. An integrated ecobee smart thermostat not only provides a convenient in-home display where anyone can view outage details and battery status, but it can also automatically adjust temperature set points during an outage to preserve stored energy and extend backup duration even further.

Operating modes: Self-Consumption; Backup Power

Where can it be installed: Indoors or Outdoors (in accordance to local codes and requirements)

Battery integrated or sourced separately? Integrated

GM Energy | Home System with GM Energy PowerBank

System components:

• GM Energy PowerBank is a stationary energy storage system available for purchase in 10.6kWh and 17.7kWh battery capacity variants. The 17.7kWh GM Energy PowerBank can be combined to create a 35.4kWh stationary storage solution.
• GM Energy PowerShift charger and GM Energy V2H Enablement kit, allowing customers to transfer stored energy between their applicable EV, residential home and stationary storage unit.
• The HomeHub & Inverter – Enables the GM Energy PowerBank to capture and store energy from the grid or compatible solar panels for later use. Also unclocks bidirectional capabilities of the GM Energy PowerShift Charger.
• The Dark Start battery
•  Residential solar panels can also be added into the integration.

Key features: GM Energy’s offerings were created so customers could purchase select product bundles that align with their specific energy needs and budget. The system is fully complete when combined with one of GM’s seven V2H-capable EVs that can keep power on for days. Other product bundles include the GM Energy Storage Bundle, which is for customers who do not yet own a GM EV, but still want the comfort of more energy resilience. This bundle includes only the PowerBank, HomeHub and Inverter. Another bundle is the GM Energy V2H Bundle, which includes the Home Hub, PowerShift charger, Inverter and Dark Start battery.

Where can it be installed: Indoor or Outdoor on a stand and wall mount.

Battery integrated or sourced separately? Integrated in the GM Energy PowerBank, which can be combined with the battery of GM EVs.

Where to buy

Fortress Power | Avalon

System components:

• Smart Energy Panel – 14 load shedding ports because there are two dedicated specifically for the EV charger.
• Avalon batteries- The stackable battery capacity ranges from 14.7 to 29.4 kWh, and then that’s scalable up to 176.4 kWh.
• Hybrid Inverter

Key features: Fortress focused on higher voltage architecture, and included innovative battery temperature management. They also purpose-built the hybrid inverter and Smart Energy Panel for the system. Fortress is so confident in how the Avalon functions, that it is offering a 15-year warranty on the battery – extendable to a 25-year with replacement – if you finance the system through them. Each battery module has active heating and a fire suppression system built in. The active heating contributes to the longevity of the battery unit by wrapping the cells with a heater. Once the temperature goes below a setpoint, the heating turns on, and it uses the battery power. This expands operating temperature range. 

Hoymiles | HIONE and AIONE

System components

• Hybrid inverter: The HYS-LV-USG1 Series single-phase hybrid inverter (3.8 kW to 11.5 kW). Monitoring management through S-Miles Cloud allows users to remotely diagnose and track solar power production and battery utilization.
• AC Coupled inverter: The HAS-LV-USG1 Series is for retrofit applications (3.8 kW to 11.5 kW)
• MID: HMID-200-USG1 paired with Hoymiles HYS series inverter provides a whole home backup solution for residents. HMID-200-USG1 communicates with Hoymiles HYS series inverters to provide intelligent transfer between on-grid mode and backup mode and equips with firmware OTA function. Reserved service entrance circuit breakers and smart energy meters can bring minimal installation time and cost savings.
• Battery: The HBX-LV series

Key features: The HIONE has a max. efficiency of 97.6% and CEC efficiency 97.0%. Double MPPT trackers, up to 32A current and a DC/AC ratio up to 150%. Both the HIONE and AIONE have built-in dry contact flexibly set to earth fault alarm, load control, or generator control. Both have integrated arc fault protection and rapid shutdown functions. They support wall-mounted or floor-standing installations. The HBX-LV series is a type of deep cycle high capacity LFP battery with improved safety, long lifespan, and optimized user experience.It is designed with a NEMA Type 4 rating for more flexible and easier installation, with wall-mounted and floor-standing installation options.It has superior performance with up to 10 kWh for a single unit and a maximum of 80 kWh in parallel, which can meet the residential electricity demand.

Operating modes: Self-Consumption mode/Economy mode/Full backup mode/Pure Off-grid mode

Where can it be installed: indoor/outdoor

Battery provider: Hoymiles

Hyxipower | All-in-One

System components

• Inverter Module: The All-in-One hybrid inverter has 160% PV oversizing capability and 3 MPPTs. Fully compatible with Tigo and APS MLPE.
• Batteries: Modular LiFePO4 batteries stacking up to 11.5kW/21.2kWh.
• Smart Battery Management System (BMS): This intelligent BMS actively monitors charge and discharge levels, while protecting the system from overcharging, deep discharge, and short circuits, extending the battery’s lifespan.
• Smart Meter: Optimizes energy management, can limit power exported to the grid.
• Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS)

Key features: No need to install another box, as this system covers all your energy management needs in one. The advanced smart meter provides real-time load and generation data with zero-injection control. The ATS ensures near-instantaneous transition to backup power during outages. Manufactured with automotive-grade safety standards, the batteries ensure top-tier protection and reliability. The wide operating temperature range (14℉~122℉) guarantees reliable performance in extreme conditions. The inverter has a robust 200A passthrough breaker and a maximum input voltage of 600V, designed for high power applications. Safety is a priority with the inclusion of a smoke detection system and a pressure valve.

Operating modes: Self-Use, Feed-In, Backup

Where can it be installed: Indoor & Outdoor

Battery integrated or sourced separately? Battery integrated on the system

LG | Home 8 Energy Storage System

System consists of: Full Energy Storage System – AC coupled, grid-tied residential system. 

Key features: LG Electronics Home 8 is an AC-coupled residential energy storage system, designed for compatibility with or without solar integration. It delivers a continuous 7.5kVA AC output and peaks at 9.0kVA for 10 seconds, offering increased power.  A single Home 8 has a total of 15.8 kWh, (14.4 kWh useable) capacity that has an additional 1.4 kWh built in reserve to accommodate automatic dark start and available manual dark start capability that can avoid service calls to recover/replace over discharged batteries.  The LG ESS Home 8 is backed by up to a 10-year top of class 59.8Mwh throughput warranty. Homeowners can monitor home energy use and control the system modes via the ThinQ App, while installers utilize EnerVu for fleet monitoring. Built-in 7-inch touch screen HMI display

Battery integrated or sourced separately? Integrated

Mango Power | Mango Power M

System consists of:

• M Hybrid Inverter (12K):  Integrated, comes fully ready for solar out of the box without additional boxes required and has Built-in ATS / AGS / RSD Transmitter / Breakers.
• M Battery (5kWh): The CATL LFP battery

Key features: What makes the Mango Power M stand out from other products is its modular design, an all-in-one approach that makes it a lot easier and faster to install or upgrade at any time. Battery capacity can be upgraded on a modular basis, it comes ready for Solar out of the box without additional boxes required and has Built-in ATS / AGS / RSD Transmitter / Breakers. The high capacity of Mango Power M (20kWh) is supported by a high efficiency of 97.5%, Maximum Power Point Trackers are 3（two strings combined and its Solar Input is 18kW. Water and dust resistant and Meets North American safety and EMI standards. The Mango Power M offers easy expansion from 15kWh to 80kWh. Stack up to 10 inverters, increasing the output to an impressive 120 kW.

Operating modes: On-Grid Power: 12kVA/240V &10.4kVA/208V24kVA(500ms) peak power, Backup Power: 12kVA/240V &10.4kVA/208V, Continuous power: 24kW/240V &15.6kW/208V Peak power, Seamless backup transition

Where can it be installed: indoors or outdoors

Battery integrated or sourced separately? Sold together, modular and expandable

Battery partnerships: CATL LFP

Where to buy

Panasonic | EVERVOLT

System components

For more Split Sets Underground Mininginformation, please contact us. We will provide professional answers.

Panasonic EVERVOLT Home Batteries: Lithium iron phosphate batteries, can provide up to 72 kWh of usable storage capacity for whole-home power.

Panasonic EVERVOLT SmartBox: Energy management device connects the battery, grid power, and solar PV system all in one place. SmartBox controls the connection to the grid and provides a seamless transition to backup power during power outages. SmartBox also provides control of up to six loads to optimize your energy consumption and prolong battery life.

Panasonic EVERVOLT Hybrid Inverter: Converts DC power from solar panels to AC power to energize home loads. It combines a battery and solar photovoltaic inverter into one unit. The new hybrid inverter allows up to 15.2kW of DC input with three MPPT.

Key features:  The Panasonic EVERVOLT Home Battery System’s compact design improves the installation process for Panasonic’s Authorized Installers. Installers can easily install a battery system a variety of ways including indoors, outside or mounted to a wall. Installers can seamlessly integrate the battery with a new or existing home energy system, both DC and AC suited, for a smooth installment. The EVERVOLT is equipped with an integrated transmitter to ensure an easy installation of rapid shut down devices for safe PV array connections. Stackable and lightweight, installers can effortlessly connect up to four units together for additional energy storage. Available in three sizes including 9 kWh, 13.5 kWh, and 18 kWh to meet an installation company’s growing customer energy demands. 

Operating modes: back-up mode, self-use mode, time-of-use mode and custom modes

Where can it be installed: Indoors or outdoors

Battery integrated or sourced separately? Integrated within the system

Where to buy

For more examples, download the EVERVOLT Case Studies Special Report

Qcells | Q.HOME CORE

System components

• Q.VOLT inverter– Available in 3.8 and 7.6 kW variants and is suitable for both AC and DC coupled applications.
• Q.SAVE batteries– Stack up to 4 Q.SAVE batteries, with sizing scalable from 10-20 kWh per cabinet.
• Q.HOME HUB – The backup interface supports multi-inverter parallel connection (up to 4), controls disconnection of home loads and integrates the energy meter and MID.

Key features: Q.HOME CORE offers scalable storage capacity from 10 kWh up to 80 kWh and comes in a modular design for easy and fast installation. In the event of grid outage, the system is capable of utilizing 100% of the inverter’s power rating to backup the chosen loads of your home. Remote monitoring using the Q.HOME web portal or Q.HOME ESS mobile app is included. In the first half of , Qcells will roll out its new generation All-in-One Battery System which pairs seamlessly with Qcells’ new AC Module.

Operating modes: Can be installed in 3 configurations: Solar, Grid Support, Backup. Operating modes include automatic self-use, export limiting, time-of-use and seasonal scheduling functions.

Where can it be installed: Floor or wall mounted, indoor or outdoor (recommended out of direct sunlight, under eaves), ≤m above sea level.

Battery integrated or sourced separately? Integrated

Where to buy: Select Greentech Renewables and SolWel distributor locations.

SMA | Home Storage

System components

• Sunny Boy Smart Energy Inverter: Smart, grid-interactive and stand-alone inverter. Its hybrid functionality allows for the installation of solar only systems or solar + storage systems.
• Energy Meter: A necessary component to manage battery operation and detect the load demand from the home. Allows inverter to manage the battery power.
• Backup Options: To provide backup power in solar-only situations, Backup Secure unlocks 1.9kW at 120V of backup power in a typical receptacle, and Backup Select can unlock up to 5.75kW at 120V in a dedicated load panel supporting up to 8 single pole breakers.

Key features: SMA Home Storage installation is made easier with built-in connectors and flexible mounting options (wall or floor) for both indoor and outdoor locations (IP65 rated). With its slim profile, SMA Home Storage is designed for versatile installations, keeping space-saving in mind. Battery units are modular (4.72kWh), and scalable — 9.43kWh to 18.86 kWh per battery tower and up to 75.44kWh (with 4 towers in parallel). SMA offers flexible backup solutions for different budgets, ranging from partial to full home backup options. With U.S. based service and support, combined with SMA Smart Connected premium monitoring, peace of mind comes standard. System setup is quick and easy using the SMA 360° app.  

Operating modes: Backup, Self-Consumption, TOU Optimization, Zero-Export, Zero-Import, VPP / Demand Response Ready. Depending on use-case, it is possible to have more than one operating mode active at a time

Where can it be installed: Indoors or outdoors (IP65 rated). Wall or floor mount

Battery integrated or sourced separately? SMA inverters and batteries are sold separately. SMA Home Storage may only be paired with the Sunny Boy Smart Energy.

Battery partnerships: SMA supports market-specific compatibility lists for various inverter products.

Where to buy

Savant Power | Storage 20

System components

Savant Power Inverter: The Savant Power Inverter is a 12.5kW split phase hybrid PCS inverter with a 100A MID. It includes two built-in MPPTs for DC-coupled solar, as well as support for AC-coupled solar and automatic generators. The Savant Power Inverter can be installed in parallel offering up to an 800A MID configuration with 100kVA of discharge power.

Savant Power Storage 20 Battery: The Savant Power Storage 20 Battery is a 20 kWh LiFePO4 storage system. Each Savant Power Storage 20 Battery can support up to two Savant Power Inverters, allowing for an increased solar capacity. The cabinet and modular battery tray design make installation faster and simpler. Up to eight Power Storage 20s can be installed for 160 kWh of combined storage.

Key features: The Savant Power Storage 20 is an all-in-one performance battery and inverter solution that’s powerful yet simple to install. Scalable to handle electrical services up to 800A across multiple units, the Power Storage 20 delivers clean reliable energy to every circuit in the home. Combine with Savant Load Management to provide automatic load shedding capabilities on grid loss or at various state of charge (SoC) levels. With long battery life and 10-year warranty, you can rest assured that you’ll always have power where you need it when you need it.

Operating modes: Self Sufficiency/ Meter Zero Mode/ Excess Solar to Grid/ Storm Watch/ Off-Grid

Where can it be installed: Indoor/ Outdoor (NEMA4)

Battery integrated or sourced separately? Battery integrated

Battery partnerships: N/A – Savant batteries only

Where to buy: ABC Supply Co. Inc., ECO Direct, Greentech Renewables, Platt Electric Supply, Soligent, Stellavolta, Supplied Energy, Ultimate Integration, Wave Electronics, Zonna Energy

SolarEdge | Home Battery System

System consists of:

• SolarEdge Power Optimizers: Module-level control optimized for shading. Engineered for high-wattage panels.
• SolarEdge Home Hub Inverter: The brain of the system, this inverter helps provide industry-leading 94.5% round trip efficiency for more energy, on grid and off.
• SolarEdge Home Backup Interface: Enables backup feature and supports up to three Home Hub inverters for more power and larger systems.
• SolarEdge Home Battery: Three batteries can be stacked on a single inverter and can be oversized by up to 200%. During outages, it provides 9.7kWh storage per battery.

Key features: The SolarEdge Home Battery system offers an exceptionally efficient, streamlined energy storage solution designed for reliable, high-power output over extended periods. Leveraging DC-coupled technology, it eliminates the need for multiple AC-DC conversions, boosting annual power savings with up to 10 days of free power generation. The system delivers industry-leading 94.5% round-trip efficiency, and with DC oversizing up to 200%, it maximizes every ray of sunlight. Installers and homeowners benefit from faster setup and fewer wiring requirements, thanks to wireless inverter-battery communication and flexible mounting options (wall or floor, indoor or outdoor). This system also supports stacking up to three batteries per inverter on a single breaker, minimizing installation hassle and often bypassing main panel upgrades (MPUs). Configurable for storage-only, partial, or whole-home applications, SolarEdge’s battery solution ensures adaptable, lasting energy security.

Where can it be installed: Indoor / outdoor rated

Battery integrated or sourced separately? Integrated

Where to buy:  Greentech Renewables, Baywa r.e., Soligent, Sonepar, Krannich, Wesco, ABC Supply

Full spec sheets: Home Battery | Home Hub | Power Optimizers | Backup Interface

Tigo | EI (Energy Intelligence) Professional

System components:

• Tigo EI Inverter – Orchestrates energy production and consumption (when coupled with the Tigo EI Battery). In addition, it enables module-level monitoring, optimization, and rapid shutdown when paired with Tigo TS4 MLPE (Module Level Power Electronics) through the EI platform.
• The Tigo EI Battery – Can be deployed up to 9.9 kWh per enclosure in 3.3Wh increments and up to 39.6 kWh with 4 enclosures per inverter.

Key features: Solar-plus-storage system tracking, commissioning, monitoring, control, communication, and collaboration solution for solar professionals overseeing multiple installations. With EI Professional, you can track, manage, monitor and control your large or small portfolios of solar installations all in one place. Centralized access to the entire portfolio with one subscription fee for unlimited users. The EI Professional Software package enables real-time visibility of energy flows of systems with Tigo and third-party inverters. Obtain a comprehensive overview of all your solar installations on a single screen.​ Remote Battery Management enables controlling solar-plus-storage system behavior and saves costs. Tailor battery usage and charging through versatile options like Time of Use, Self-consumption, and Backup. Status view shows Enhanced comprehensive equipment health status and information, down to the individual batteries and modules. View a history of physical ​changes (e.g., swapping equipment) or ​alerted events for a streamlined root cause analysis.

Operating modes: Supports load shift, self-consumption and backup

Where can it be installed: IP56/NEMA4 rated for outdoor and indoor installations.

Battery integrated or sourced separately? EI Battery building blocks are modular and sold separately but offer plug-and-play compatibility with other members of the Tigo EI Residential solar-plus-storage solution.

Where to buy

Hybrid inverters and smart panels

APstorage | ELS-11.4K

System components: ELS-11.4K is to be combined with a Low Voltage DC Battery in a closed-loop communication setup.

Key features:  APstorage PCS, together with a compatible battery (not offered by APstorage), becomes a complete and independent AC coupling storage solution for residential PV installations. It can be used with any new or already installed PV systems without changing equipment in place.  APstorage will help home-owners to optimize their utility bill, offering full flexibility to manage their Electrical consumption.

Operating modes: Backup Mode, Self-Consumption Mode, Time of Use Mode

Where can it be installed: Indoor or outdoor with overhang.

Battery integrated or sourced separately? Sourced separately, but APbattery can be purchased with APsystems, manufactured in partnership with UZ. APbattey has closed loop communication with inverter.

Fronius | GEN24 Plus

System components

• GEN24 Plus hybrid inverter – The standard GEN24 can be upgraded to the GEN24 Plus at any time via an over the air software update.
• The Fronius Smart Meter WR: The Fronius Smart Meter WR is an easy to configure energy meter which allows for greater monitoring possibilities within Solar.web.
• The BYD Battery-Box Premium HVM: Modular and expandable battery which is lightweight, and easy to install.
• The Essential Backup Load Unit: Keeps your critical loads powered during grid outages.

Key features: The GEN24 Plus is one of the fastest inverters to install and commission on the market today. The standard GEN24 that can be upgraded to the GEN24 Plus at any time via an over the air software update. A built-in outlet backup mode called PV-Point and an essential backup mode allows customers to back-up their critical loads. The Fronius Smart Meter allows the energy storage system to perform self-consumption optimization, export limitation, and gives a more granular approach to monitoring the home energy usage. The Fronius Smart Meter WR can enroll customers in performance-based incentives like SREC, with a 0.5% accuracy. Whether it’s a sudden blackout or a planned outage, the Essential Backup Load Unit offers peace of mind, so customers can trust that they’ll always have the power they need when it matters most.

Operating modes: Essential Backup, PV-Point Backup, On-Grid, Import Only, Export Only, No Exchange

Where can it be installed: Indoors/Outdoors

Battery integrated or sourced separately: Sourced Separately

Battery partnerships: BYD

Where to buy: BayWa r.e., Krannich, The Powerstore

On-Demand Webinar: Unveiling the Future with Fronius GEN24

GoodWE | ES-US

System components

• Hybrid solar + storage PV inverter
• Battery inverter/charger
• Full Energy Storage System

Key features: The GoodWE hybrid solar + storage products were designed to optimize the installation and commissioning. All code compliance requirements are already included, such as rapid shutdown, Arc-Fault detection interruption. Multiple ways to monitor the system by the installer and user, with flexible connection to the internet, from LAN, Wi-Fi, 4G. The product is integrated and compatible with several batteries available in the US market, including the GoodWE Lynx. Allowing the installer to have flexibility of installation. System ranges from 5KW to 11.4 KW.  Output voltage 120/240V split phase.  CEC efficiency 97%. Max. Output Apparent Power 2-time nominal for 10s

Operating modes: Self-consumption, Backup, Time of Use

Battery integrated or sourced separately? Sourced separately

Battery partnerships: LG

Where to buy: Greentech, Krannich, GoGreenSolar, EcoDirect, The Power Store, Edges, Supplied Energy, NAZ Solar Electric

Lumin | Lumin Smart Panel

System components

• Cape board | The Cape Board handles the on-board computing and processing of data from other inputs, such as the sensor boards, CTs, grid detection circuit, and integrations with third-party equipment.
• Sensor boards | The two sensor boards each measure six circuits for a total of up to twelve circuits, which are also controllable via corresponding relays.
• Current transformers (CTs) | The Lumin Smart Panel provides a single set of CTs out of the box but can accept a second pair for additional monitoring and configurations.
• Pre-wired conduit | The Lumin Smart Panel comes with all conductors pre-connected within the panel and fed through a flexible metallic conduit, with the wire whip extending from the end of the conduit. The pre-wiring includes all sensor lines and the conductors for each circuit.
• Panel enclosure | The enclosure is the protective housing for the Lumin Smart Panel.

Key features: The Lumin Smart Panel is a force multiplier for any home energy system, extending battery backup and enhancing control. It’s integrated with major solar storage brands, enabling fewer batteries to power more circuits for longer through dynamic and customizable load management. Its retrofit-ready design and universal compatibility with all energy systems simplify installation, saving installers time and reducing truck rolls.

Operating modes: Smart Power Mode (manage loads running on a backup energy source during a grid outage), Custom Schedules (optimize energy use around time-of-use rates and demand charges), Manual Control (users turn circuits on or off and adjust priorities as needed)

Where can it be installed: The Lumin Smart Panel can be installed indoors or outdoors, near the existing load center of a home.

Battery integrated or sourced separately? Sourced Separately

Battery partnerships: SolarEdge, Enphase, Tesla Powerwall, Franklin WH, EG4

Where to buy: Greentech Renewables, Rexel, RENVU, U.S. Renewables Solutions, Signature Solar, Wesco, SUNRGY, PowerStore

Solis | S6 Hybrid (low and high voltage options)

The S6 High Voltage (HV) Hybrid | Power classes ranging from 3.8 to 11.4kW. The system leverages an open ecosystem, meaning it can work effectively with several industry leaders in battery, RSD, MLPE and racking technologies to reduce long-term costs and elevate scalability. Easily add on capacity or storage or deploy shade mitigation when it’s needed. Realize systems that perform and operate longer, with high input ratings and wide operating voltage windows. Battery partnerships: UL Listed with Pytes, PylonTech, Soluna, HomeGrid, Dyness, EndurEnergy, Soluna, BYD, LG

S6 Low Voltage (LV) Hybrid *new* | The S6 Low Voltage (LV) Hybrid features a string current of up to 20A, perfectly matching large, high-efficiency, and bifacial PV modules. Features a 10-second, 200% surge power backup overload capability, along with six customizable charge/discharge time settings. This solution also includes generator connectivity and automatic generator On/Off control. Includes 200A pass-through capacity. The inverter allows for stacking up to six units in parallel, enabling a single installation to reach 96kW. Additionally, it features an intelligent AC coupling scheme, facilitating easy upgrades to existing grid-connected systems. Battery partnerships S6 low-voltage: At launch, our partners will include Pylontech, Discover, Soluna, HomeGrid, Pytes, EndurEnergy, Simpliphi 

SolisHub is the Microgrid Interconnect Device (MID) for the PV, batteries, generator, grid, and home loads. It acts as both a 200A pass-through, manual bypass switch and an intelligent load manager. SolisHub makes whole-home backup possible by allowing the integration of multiple inverters for greater PV power output and battery storage capacity. SolisHub allows up to 200Z continuous backup power with integrated autotransfer and manual disconnect. It also provides generator integration, allowing for automatic whole-home backup when available PV and battery power are not sufficient to support all of the home loads.

Operating modes: Partial or Whole Home Back Up Options; Self Use, Export Priority, Peak Shaving, Off-grid , Backup , Time-of-Use (TOU)

Where can it be installed: NEMA 4X so indoor or outdoor applications are supported

Battery integrated or sourced separately? Sourced Separately

Where to buy

Batteries and BMS

Briggs and Stratton | SimpliPHI 6.6 Battery

The new SimpliPHI 6.6 home battery is designed by installers for installers. Stackable and wire-free, the batteries simply stack together and install in minutes. The RapidStak connector includes all power and communications – no wires, DIP switches or pin-outs needed. Outdoor rated, the SimpliPHI 6.6 battery can be installed indoors or out, on a wall or on the ground. Our inverter agnostic approach means that installers can choose an inverter based on their preference.

Key features: The SimpliPHI 6.6 battery is UL A tested and certified to UL Edition 3. The RapidStak connectors feature alignment guides that ensure the batteries are properly connected and eliminate the chance for reverse polarity.

BYD | BYD Battery-Box Premium HVM

EG4 | WallMount All Weather battery

The EG4 WallMount All Weather battery offers 14.3 kWh of storage with a 200A max continuous discharge, making it ideal for outdoor use.  It has an integrated self-heating feature, is backed by a 10-year warranty and is EMP-hardened, protecting it from natural and human-caused electromagnetic pulses. It is equipped with a 200A battery management system (BMS), supporting over cycles at 80% depth of discharge, providing up to 82.6MWh of energy production over its lifetime. Its innovative Emergency Stop (E-Stop) function allows users to instantly shut down all batteries and inverters with rapid shutdown capabilities at the press of a button.  The battery pairs seamlessly with EG4 inverters, and features weather-tight quick connects, 600A busbars, E-Stop for emergencies, dual fire arrestors, closed-loop communication, and a touchscreen for easy monitoring.

GoodWe | Lynx FH-US

The GoodWe high-voltage battery Lynx Home FH-US Series is a perfect match for residential energy storage systems in North America. It is compatible with GoodWe ES-US/SBP-US/A-ES/A-BP inverters and offers a wide capacity range from 9.6 kWh to 19.2 kWh per cluster, providing comprehensive energy storage options to meet demanding project requirements from self-consumption optimization to backup power. The stackable self-detecting modules make the system especially simple to install and maintain.

Homegrid | HV Stack’d Series

The HomeGrid HV Stack’d Series is designed to deliver a true whole-home backup with up to 15 kW of continuous power. Its modular, floor-standing system scales from 9.6 to 38.4 kWh, allowing installers to tailor setups to meet customers’ exact needs and expand with additional stacks or modules as needed. Our plug-and-play setup enables a quick 30-minute installation and commissioning, saving time and maximizing profitability. With its efficient design and seamless integration, the HV Stack’d Series provides a scalable and reliable backup power solution for any home or small commercial project.

Hyxipower | AC Battery

Designed for seamless integration with any third-party solar inverter, providing unmatched flexibility and performance in energy storage systems. With an IP67-rated enclosure for durability and dual AC/DC II/II surge protection, it ensures safety and longevity in both residential and commercial installations. The system supports cloud-based monitoring through Wi-Fi or 4G, offering real-time data for optimized management. Ideal for retrofitting existing solar systems or building new setups, the Battery Module guarantees efficiency and reliability in any energy solution.

Key features: The AC Battery features a battery module that offers a seamless plug-and-play solution compatible with any third-party solar inverter. The modular LiFePO4 batteries provide scalable capacity up to 21.2 kWh, ensuring reliable backup power for both residential and commercial applications. It supports both partial home and whole home backup, offering flexibility for diverse energy needs. Manufactured with automotive-grade safety standards, the batteries ensure the highest levels of protection and reliability. The system comes complete with an advanced smart meter, automatic transfer switch (ATS) and a built-in Battery Management System (BMS), meaning no additional external box is required. With an IP67-rated design and advanced surge protection, this system guarantees long-term durability and safety. It also supports cloud-based monitoring via Wi-Fi or 4G for real-time energy management. Whether you’re upgrading your storage or enhancing backup power, this AC Battery solution delivers unmatched versatility and simplicity.

Pylontech | PowerCube

PowerCube-M5A-180-64/704V-L15 | The Pylontech M5A 180 is a high-density LFP battery, featuring a capacity of 245 Ah and 15.68 kWh at a nominal voltage of 64V per module. Regarding performance, it achieves a depth of discharge of 98% and a charge/discharge efficiency of 97%. In terms of safety, the battery has been certified at the cell level by the ULA standard, underscoring its reliability and safety in demanding applications.

Pytes | HV

PYTES-HV is a high-voltage battery storage system that utilizes Tier 1 Automotive Grade A LiFePO4 cells, offering enhanced safety and reliability for energy storage solutions. It features a self-developed, field-proven BMS, ensuring optimal performance and protection, while maximizing longevity. The HV simplifies installation, reducing setup time and complexity. Its modular, rack-mounted design provides  ultimate flexibility, allowing for scalable configurations to meet the various storage needs of virtually any type of system. Additionally, the system is equipped with an integrated Wi-Fi module, enabling remote monitoring, battery status checks, alarm notifications, and firmware upgrades. 

Renon | Xtreme

Key features: One-Key Start functionality for effortless system activation. Cable-Free design between modules enables quick and easy installation, with a 30 kWh system taking less than 15 minutes to set up. Extensive Certifications including IEC , UN 38.3, UL, and UL A, demonstrating a strong commitment to safety and regulatory compliance. Renon’s proprietary Cloud platform and mobile App provide seamless system monitoring, maintenance, and one-key upgrades for hassle-free ownership. High Output Power capacity of up to 15 kW, meeting the power needs of even large family load. Scalable Capacity Range from a compact 10.02 kWh up to a versatile 912 kWh, allowing the system to be precisely tailored to diverse energy storage requirements.

Components:

Operating modes: Charging/Discharging/Back up mode

Where can it be installed: IP65 for both indoor and outdoor

Battery integrated or sourced separately? Battery integrated

Where to buy

Commercial size

Pylontech | Container A-OMNI-UL

The Pylontech A-Omni-UL is an All-in-One C&I ESS 20ft container solution based on a DC V platform. The system includes two PCS units managing six clusters of batteries separately, and includes an independent temperature management system, a confluence box, and BMS. For fire safety, this product utilizes perfluorohexanone and is also equipped with smoke alarms, hydrogen detectors, carbon monoxide detectors, and temperature sensors. For thermal management, it is handled by a dual duct air-cooling system to effectively control battery temperature and ensure consistency.

Key features:  The Pylontech A-Omni-UL is an All-in-One C&I ESS 20ft container solution utilizing Pylontech M5A180 battery modules. This product offers flexible expansion capabilities from 1MWh to 2MWh, tailored to meet specific demands. Thanks to its superior structural design, it provides ease of installation and maintenance. In terms of safety certifications, the A Omni UL has received several major global certification such as CE, UL, and GB for the system level, and ULA certification for the cell level. Also, it is compatible with 50+  global popular inverter brand.

Operating modes: On grid / Off grid: Peak Shaving/Energy Shifting/Self-Consumption

Where can it be installed: Commercial Building/Industrial Park/Mine/Farming Land/Hospital/etc

Battery integrated or sourced separately? Integrated. Self Design & Self Manufacturing

Where to buy

Container Parameter

PCS Parameter

Sungrow | ST Series

ST570kWh-250kW-2h and STkWh-250kW-4h

The system consists of: Ready to install liquid-cooled battery energy storage system with one (2-hour version) or two (4-hour version) battery cabinets, and a PCS cabinet. Liquid cooling provides two years longer battery service life and 15% higher discharge capacity, while maintaining less than 2.5 degree C delta between cells. Flexible installation eliminates the need for underground conduit installation, and up to 60% reduction in installation time.

Key features: Sungrow safety standards exceed North American standards with millisecond level fault detection and second-level circuit cutoff to avoid arc hazards.

Operating modes: Self-consumption, Feed-in Priority, Backup, Off-grid, Time-of-Use, and Hybrid, depending on the energy storage system and its intended use

Where can it be installed: This product is specifically designed for the United States and Canadian markets, but similar products are available worldwide.

Battery integrated or sourced separately? The system is designed, engineered, and sold as a packaged design. It is not intended for sale as separate battery and PCS units. The system controller, auxiliary power supply, and communications require both BESS and PCS to work as one.

Battery partnerships: REPT, CATL.

Where to buy: Greentech Renewables (CED) or Direct

Savant | Power Storage 50

System components

• Savant Power Inverter: A 12.5kW split-phase hybrid PCS inverter with a 100A MID. It includes two built-in MPPTs for DC-coupled solar, as well as support for AC-coupled solar and automatic generators. Can be installed in parallel offering up to an 800A MID configuration with 100kVA of discharge power.
• Savant Power Storage 50 Battery: A 50 kWh LiFePO4 storage system. Each Savant Power Storage 50 Battery can support up to two Savant Power Inverters. Up to eight Power Storage 50s can be installed for 400 kWh of combined storage.

Key features: The Savant Power Storage 50 is a high-performance battery and inverter solution that’s powerful yet simple to install. Scalable to handle electrical services up to 800A across multiple units, the Power Storage 50 delivers clean reliable energy to every circuit in the home. Combine with Savant Load Management to provide automatic load shedding capabilities on grid loss or at various state of charge (SoC) levels. With long battery life and 10-year warranty, you can rest assured that you’ll always have power where you need it when you need it.

Operating modes: Self Sufficiency/ Meter Zero Mode/ Excess Solar to Grid/ Storm Watch/ Off-Grid

Where can it be installed: Indoor

Battery integrated or sourced separately: Battery integrated

Battery partnerships: None – Only Savant Batteries Supported

Where to buy: ABC Supply Co. Inc., ECO Direct, Greentech Renewables, Platt Electric Supply, Soligent, Stellavolta, Supplied Energy, Ultimate Integration, Wave Electronics, Zonna Energy

Weidmuller | Battery Connectors

Battery connectors are critical components that facilitate the transfer of electrical energy between the battery cells and the application. They must be designed to handle high currents, minimize power losses, and provide secure and reliable connections. Battery connectors come in various shapes and sizes, catering to different types of batteries and applications.

Key features: Engineered to handle high currents, allowing for efficient energy transfer and reduced power losses. Designed to withstand harsh environmental conditions. User-friendly with mechanisms that prevent accidental disconnections. Contact made of copper alloy finished with silver and approved according to UL to warrant the best electrical contact with more than 100 operations of mechanical connection and disconnection (without load). On the wiring side, options for conductor cross-sections from 10mm² to 95mm².  On the mating part, a busbar where the conductor can be easily connected on the device by means of a cable lug. Color coded connectors (orange = positive; black = negative) on both the connector and the mated busbar connection. Connectors are key coded on both sides to alleviate the possibility of user error. A locking mechanism to fasten the plug and the socket.

If you are looking for more details, kindly visit Bolt Pull Test.

Tags: APsystems, Briggs & Stratton, Discover, Enphase, Fortress Power, FranklinWH, Generac, GM Energy, Goodwe, HomeGrid, Hoymiles, HYXiPOWER, LG, Mango Power, Morningstar, Panasonic, QCells, Savant Power, SMA America, SolarEdge, Solis, Tigo Energy