Pressure decay is one of the most widely used methods of leak testing in manufacturing and is ideal for a sealed component with an access port. In this test, a product is attached to a leak tester and filled with air. Once pressurized, the air source is valved off and the pressure is allowed to settle. During the test any decrease in air pressure over time signifies a leak. If the part does not leak/decay past its predetermined reject value, it is a good part. The sensitivity of this test is dependent upon the product&#;s size and the time interval of the test. Larger objects require a longer cycle time to reach a high enough sensitivity for a quality test. Smaller objects with small internal volumes will require very low cycle time, allowing a high throughput of production.
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To begin the Pressure Decay leak test, the test part [TP] is attached to the test port. The tester then pressurizes the part with pressure [+P] to the desired test pressure set by the pressure regulator [R1] during the Fill step by opening valves [V1] and [V2].
Upon completion of the Fill step, pressure is trapped inside the part as [V2] closes. After a slight delay, [V1] closes allowing the line between [V1] and [V2] to vent to atmosphere through [V1] allowing any leakage through [V2] to cause the tester to see this leakage and fail all tests. The extra valve allows for a fail-safe configuration.
Trapped pressure inside the test circuit is held through the Stabilize step and then measured by the testers pressure sensor [PS] during the Test step.
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If the part exceeds the programmed leak tolerance (pressure drop over time or quantified leak rate), the tester&#;s display indicates the reason for the test failure and displays the pressure loss or leak rate in user defined units of measure.
Upon completion of the Test step, pressure trapped in the part is vented to atmosphere through [V1] by opening [V2] during the Vent step, and the tester is ready for the next test.
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