Concrete Cutting Diamond Tools

Compressive Strength:

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Concrete Hardness PSI Application Critically Hard 8,000+ Nuclear Power Plants Hard 6-8,000 Bridge Piers Medium 4-6,000 Highways Soft 3,000 or less Residential & Commercial Building Concrete may vary greatly in compressive strength which is measured in POUNDS per SQUARE INCH (PSI). Most concrete roads are approximately 4-6,000 PSI, while typical patios and sidewalks are about 3,000 PSI.

Concrete may vary greatly in compressive strength which is measured in POUNDS per SQUARE INCH (PSI). Most concrete roads are approximately 4-6,000 PSI, while typical patios and sidewalks are about 3,000 PSI.

Type of Sand:

Sand is the component of the mix which determines the abrasiveness of the concrete. Sand can either be "sharp" (abrasive) or "round" (non-abrasive). Crushed sand or bank sand are usually sharp; river sand is usually round.

Size of Aggregate:

Larger aggregates tend to make a blade cut slower while smaller aggregates tend to allow a blade cut faster. The most common aggregate sizes are:

Size   Pea Gravel Usually less than 3/8" in diameter 3/4" Sieved size 1-1/2" Sieved size

Hardness of Aggregate:

There are many different types of rock used as aggregate. Generally hard aggregate breaks down the cutting diamonds faster which means the bond must be softer to expose new diamonds. Softer aggregate generally does not break down the cutting diamonds as quickly and therefore requires a harder bond to hold the diamonds in place to use their full potential. The Mohs' scale is used to estimate hardness:

Moh's Range Description Aggregates 8-9 Critically Hard Flint, Chert, Trap Rock Basalt
6-7 Hard River Rock, Granites, Quartz, Trap Rock 4-5 Medium Hard Granites, River Rock 3-4 Medium Limestone, Sandstone

Reinforcing Steel:

Steel reinforcing tends to make a blade cut slower. Less reinforcing allows a blade to cut faster. Heavy rebar can also result from different grades of steel. Typical rebar is grade 40 but grade 60 is also common. Rebar gauges are in eights of an inch. #4 is 1/2" diameter, #5 is 5/8" diameter etc.

Size Examples Light Wire mesh, single mat Medium #4 rebar every 12" on center each way (OCEW) single mat.
Wiremesh multi-mat. Heavy #5 rebar 12" OCEW single mat
#4 rebar 12" OCEW double mat

Green or Cured Concrete:

The drying or curing of concrete greatly affects how the concrete will interact with a diamond blade. Green concrete is freshly poured concrete that has not yet cured. It is softer and more abrasive than cured concrete. A harder bond with undercut protection should be used in this application until it is cured at which point a softer bond would be appropriate.The definition of green concrete can vary widley. Water, temperature, moisture in the aggreagate, time of the year and the amount of water in the mix all influence the curing time.

Variables:

Variables

Change

Results

Cutting Speed

Blade Life

The Blade

Segment Bond Hardness Harder

Slower

Longer Softer

Faster

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Shorter Diamond Quality Lower

Slower

Longer Higher

Faster

Shorter Diamond Concentration Lower

Slower

Longer Higher

Faster

Shorter Segment Width Thicker

Slower

Longer Thinner

Faster

Shorter

The Saw

HorsePower Lower

Slower

Longer Higher

Faster

Shorter Blade Speed Higher

Slower

Longer Lower

Faster

Shorter

The Job

Water Volume Higher

Slower

Longer Lower

Faster

Shorter Cutting Depth Deep

Slower

Longer Shallow

Faster

Shorter Cutting Pressure Lower

Slower

Longer Higher

Faster

Shorter

The Material

Material Hardness Harder

Slower

Longer Softer

Faster

Shorter Material Abrasiveness Less

Slower

Longer More

Faster

Shorter Aggregate Size Larger

Slower

Longer Smaller

Faster

Shorter Aggregate Amount More

Slower

Longer Less

Faster

Shorter

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