Combining & Applying The Essential Guitar Scales

In this article, were going to combine all 5 essential guitar scales into one combined scale shape. This combined shape will give you a home base when youre playing lead guitar. This shape works great in just about every style of music and gives you a ton of notes to choose from when writing your own guitar licks, solos, or when youre improvising.

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At the bottom of the page, you can download a PDF of all the scale shapes to use as a reference. You can view it on your computer or print it off.

Recognizing The Notes

This combined scale shape will include 4 different types of notes. These are the root notes, pentatonic scale notes, major/minor scale notes, and the blue notes. For a more in-depth explanation of the different notes, youll want to read the previous articles on each scale.

Adding The Major/Minor Notes To The Pentatonic Scale

For this combined scale, well be working in the key of C major. To start putting this shape together, were going to begin with the C major pentatonic scale. To that, well add the notes that would make this scale a C major scale shape.

Adding The Blues Notes To Major/Minor Scale

Now that we have combined our major pentatonic scale and our major scale, well add the blue notes to this shape.

C Major A Minor Combined Scales

What were left with after adding all these notes is a combined scale shape that gives you all the notes youre allowed to play in the key of C major. Since A minor is the relative minor key, you can use this exact same shape to play in A minor. Just remember that the root notes change from C notes to A notes, which means youll want to accentuate those new root notes a little more.

Technically, if you wanted to build this A minor combined scale shape from the ground up, you would use the minor pentatonic scale and the minor scale. But since they are the relative minor scales we can just move the root notes of the major shape to change the scale shape from C major to A minor.

C Major Combined Scale Horizontal View

Heres another view of this combined scale shape. Use the colors to understand how this scale shape is made up and why it works.

Playing This Scale Shape In Other Keys

Moving this scale shape to other keys works the same way as the other scales weve talked about. Just move the entire shape so that the root notes land on the root note of the new key you want to play in. If you wanted to play in E major, you would move this entire shape up 4 frets.

Using Applying The Combined Scale

This scale shape is incredibly simple to apply. Basically, it gives you all the notes youre allowed to play inside of a key (there are many more, but they are outside of this shape). Its up to you to decide which notes you play and when, but this shape should give you the ground work for infinite riffs and licks.

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Remember to really accentuate the root notes of the key youre in. If youre in the key of C major, make sure the C notes really pop out. Also, remember that the blue notes dont occur naturally in the key theyre played in, so use them tastefully to add a different flavor to your licks.

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All official weighing of loose grain is performed on bulk-weighing scales. A diagram of such a scale follows. The grain is weighed in a bin called the "Weigh Hopper," which in modern automatic scales is supported by load cells. The load cells generate an electrical signal proportional to the weight they support. A device called a "Scale Indicator" supplies power to the load cells, sums their output, and produces a digital signal which represents the combined weight of the grain and weigh hopper. The flow of grain into or out of the weigh hopper is controlled by slide gates. A scale control computer records the output of the scale indicator, subtracts off the weight of the hopper itself, and operates the gates.

The scale is shown going through its normal weighing cycle. The weight of the empty weigh hopper (the TARE weight) is measured with the upper garner and weigh hopper gates closed. The scale indicator sends the tare weight to the scale control computer, which waits until the weight readings are stable, showing that the weigh hopper is not moving and grain is neither entering nor leaving the weigh hopper, and records the tare weight. During this time, grain being carried to the scale accumulates in the upper garner. The storage available in the upper garner keeps the elevator from having to constantly stop and start its conveyors.

After the scale control computer has recorded a valid tare, it opens the upper garner gates to allow grain into the weigh hopper. The indicator continually sends weight readings to the computer, which closes the upper garner gates when the weight passes a pre-set cutoff value. The computer again waits until the weight is stable and records the weight of the grain and hopper combined (the GROSS weight).

After recording a valid gross weight, the scale control computer opens the weigh hopper gates. Grain drains rapidly into the lower garner, which normally is simultaneously discharging to a duct or a conveyor. The lower garner discharges the grain at a slower rate than the weigh hopper, preventing it from overloading the conveyors downstream. When the weight readings from the indicator go below a pre-set lower cutoff value, the computer closes the weigh hopper gates and records another tare. Then the cycle repeats.

The net weight of the grain is the difference between the gross and the tare. When a scale is receiving inbound grain, the control computer takes a gross weight and subtracts the preceding tare weight to obtain the net weight. This gives the true net weight received, because any grain already in the weigh hopper at the beginning of weighing is subtracted out and not counted. When the scale is weighing outbound grain, the computer takes each gross and subtracts the following tare. This gives the true net weight of grain shipped, because any grain remaining in the weigh hopper at the end of weighing is subtracted out and not counted.

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